On This Day
2007 - Xichang Satellite Launch Center
Chang'e 1, the first satellite in the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program, is launched from Xichang Satellite Launch Center.
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1945 - Charter of the United Nations
The United Nations Charter comes into effect.
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1648 - Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia is signed, marking the end of the Thirty Years' War and the Eighty Years' War.
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2001 - IPod
Apple Computer releases the iPod.
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1850 - National Women's Rights Convention
The first National Women's Rights Convention begins in Worcester, Massachusetts.
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1942 - Second Battle of El Alamein
World War II: Allied forces commence the Second Battle of El Alamein, which proves to be the key turning point in the North African campaign.
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1992 - STS-52
Space Shuttle Columbia launches on STS-52 to deploy the LAGEOS-2 satellite and microgravity experiments.
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1884 - International Meridian Conference
The International Meridian Conference designates the Royal Observatory, Greenwich as the world's prime meridian.
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1721 - Russian Empire
The Russian Empire is proclaimed by Tsar Peter I after the Swedish defeat in the Great Northern War.
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2003 - Eris (dwarf planet)
Images of the dwarf planet Eris are taken and subsequently used in documenting its discovery.<ref name="Brown-AJ2005-635">
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1805 - Battle of Trafalgar
Napoleonic Wars: A British fleet led by Lord Nelson defeats a combined French and Spanish fleet under Admiral Villeneuve in the Battle of Trafalgar.
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1600 - Battle of Sekigahara
Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats the leaders of rival Japanese clans in the Battle of Sekigahara and becomes shōgun of Japan.