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1945 - National Assembly of Vietnam
The National Representatives' Congress, the precursor of the current National Assembly of Vietnam, convenes in Sơn Dương.
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1896 - Dawson Charlie
Skookum Jim Mason, George Carmack and Dawson Charlie discover gold in a tributary of the Klondike River in Canada, setting off the Klondike Gold Rush.
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1837 - St. Joseph Mutiny
Three African soldiers in the 1st West India Regiment – Daaga, Edward Coffin and Maurice Ogston – are executed for their role in the St. Joseph Mutiny in the British colony of Trinidad.
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2020 - Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine
Russia begins production on the Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine.
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1945 - World War II
Emperor Hirohito broadcasts his declaration of surrender following the effective surrender of Japan in World War II; Korea gains independence from the Empire of Japan.
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1096 - First Crusade
Starting date of the First Crusade as set by Pope Urban II.
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2021 - 2021 Haiti earthquake
A magnitude 7.2 earthquake strikes southwestern Haiti, killing at least 2,248 people and causing a humanitarian crisis.
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1947 - Pakistan Movement
Pakistan gains independence from the British Empire as the Dominion of Pakistan, due to the partition of India.
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1791 - The Night the Chains Broke in Bois Caïman
In the shadowed woods of the northern plain, a clandestine Vodou ceremony sparked the first organized revolt against slavery in the Caribbean. The gathering led by the houngan Dutty Boukman and mambo Cécile Fatiman set Haiti on a path to become the first Black republic.
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2020 - Israel–United Arab Emirates relations
Israel–United Arab Emirates relations are formally established.
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1961 - Cold War
Cold War: East Germany closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West, and construction of the Berlin Wall is started. The day is known as Barbed Wire Sunday.
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1521 - Hernán Cortés
After an extended siege, forces led by Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés capture Tlatoani Cuauhtémoc and conquer the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan.