On This Day
2014 - Mars Orbiter Mission
The Mars Orbiter Mission makes India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt.
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On This Day
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1957 - 101st Airborne Division
President Eisenhower sends the 101st Airborne Division to Little Rock, Arkansas, to enforce desegregation.
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1852 - Giffard’s Steam‑Powered Airship Sailed Over Paris
On a September afternoon in 1852 a lone pilot lifted a steam‑driven balloon from the heart of Paris and guided it toward the countryside. The daring 27‑kilometre trek proved that a dirigible could be steered, not just drifted.
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2022 - Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts
Voting begins in the five-day sham annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine, leading to Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts.
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1846 - Johann Gottfried Galle
Astronomers Urbain Le Verrier, John Couch Adams and Johann Gottfried Galle collaborate on the discovery of Neptune.
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1122 - Concordat of Worms
Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat of Worms to put an end to the Investiture Controversy.
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1980 - Iran–Iraq War
Iraq invades Iran, sparking the nearly eight year Iran–Iraq War.
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1862 - Emancipation Proclamation
A preliminary version of the Emancipation Proclamation is released by Abraham Lincoln.
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1792 - Vendémiaire
Primidi Vendémiaire of year one of the French Republican Calendar as the French First Republic comes into being.
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2003 - Galileo (spacecraft)
The Galileo spacecraft is terminated by sending it into Jupiter's atmosphere.
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1942 - Belzec extermination camp
The Holocaust in Ukraine: On the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur, Nazis send over 1,000 Jews of Pidhaitsi to Bełżec extermination camp.
On This Day
1792 - France Shatters the Crown, Births a Republic
On a crisp September day in 1792, Parisian deputies tore the centuries‑old monarchical fabric apart, ushering in a bold experiment in republicanism. The vote was swift, the rhetoric fierce, and the ripple effects would reshape not only France but the very language of liberty worldwide.