1959 - Luna 3
The Soviet probe Luna 3 transmits the first-ever photographs of the far side of the Moon.
The Soviet probe Luna 3 transmits the first-ever photographs of the far side of the Moon.
King George III issues the Royal Proclamation of 1763, closing Indigenous lands in North America north and west of the Alleghenies to white settlements.
On a sun‑blazed October morning in 1571, a coalition of Catholic powers turned the tide of Mediterranean history. The Battle of Lepanto not only shattered the Ottoman navy but also reshaped the balance of power between East and West.
The first planet orbiting another sun, 51 Pegasi b, is discovered.
Euridice, the earliest surviving opera, receives its première performance, beginning the Baroque period.
Seven Years' War: The British capture Manila from Spain and occupy it.
Marc Garneau becomes the first Canadian in space.
Peace congress in Paris condemns British policy in South Africa and asserts Boer Republic's right to self-determination.
French Revolution: The Women's March on Versailles effectively terminates royal authority.
The Free Software Foundation is founded.
Sputnik 1 becomes the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth.
The Gregorian Calendar is introduced by Pope Gregory XIII.