The United States Congress passes twelve constitutional amendments: the ten known as the Bill of Rights, the (unratified) Congressional Apportionment Amendment, and the Congressional Compensation Amendment.

The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. It was proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists. The amendments of the Bill of Rights add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms, such as freedom of speech, the right to publish, practice religion, possess firearms, to assemble, and other natural and legal rights.

Its clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings include explicit declarations that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those in earlier documents, especially the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776), as well as the Northwest Ordinance (1787), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and Magna Carta (1215).

Bill of Rights - DPLA - a65f6d0b6210c18d17c596908ebcf270 (page 1)
Bill of Rights - DPLA - a65f6d0b6210c18d17c596908ebcf270 (page 1) (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
Patrick henry
Patrick henry (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
Letter from George Washington to Lafayette 28 Apr 1788 photo
Letter from George Washington to Lafayette 28 Apr 1788 photo (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
James Madison
James Madison (Source: Wikimedia Commons)

Watch: The Bill of Rights - 800 Years in the Making (Lawyer Explains)

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Sources and further reading: Wikipedia — United States Bill of Rights, Congressional Apportionment Amendment, Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution (CC BY-SA). Images: Wikimedia Commons.